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UPSC Prelims 2024 · Environment · Species Watch

Consider the following pairs: Country — Animal found in its natural habitat

  1. Brazil — Indri
  2. Indonesia — Elk
  3. Madagascar — Bonobo
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: (d) None

Indri = Madagascar, elk = cold north, bonobo = DR Congo. No pair matches.

Statement by statement

1. ✗ WRONG — Madagascar The indri is the largest living lemur, and lemurs live only on Madagascar. Brazil’s primates are New World monkeys, like howler and capuchin monkeys.

2. ✗ WRONG — the cold north Elk live in the cold forests of North America and northern Eurasia. Tropical Indonesia has deer such as the rusa, but not elk.

3. ✗ WRONG — DR Congo only The bonobo, our closest relative along with the chimp, lives only south of the Congo river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The idea

Some animal groups are locked to one region because they evolved there in isolation. Madagascar split from Africa long ago, and its lemurs evolved nowhere else. The great apes are split between Africa and Asia. Cold-climate deer do not live in tropical islands.

Lemurs (indri) → Madagascar only → Bonobo, chimpanzee, gorilla → Africa → Orangutan → Borneo and Sumatra → Elk → cold northern forests

Why the others are wrong

(a) Not even one pair holds. Each animal is placed in the wrong country.

(b) Would need two animals in the right country. Indri (Madagascar) and bonobo (DR Congo) are both in the wrong one, and elk are not tropical.

(c) Would need all three to match — each is placed in the wrong country.

The trap

Every animal is real and every country is real; only the pairing is shuffled. Madagascar appears, but next to the wrong animal. When all three look half-familiar, “None” is a live option.

Also know

Primates include lemurs, monkeys and apes. Apes lack an external tail; gibbons are lesser apes, while great apes include humans. Many New World monkeys live in the Americas, and some use a grasping tail. The aye-aye is another Malagasy primate; it taps wood and uses a thin finger to pull out insect larvae.

🔒 Lemurs (indri) = Madagascar only · Bonobo = DR Congo only · Elk = cold northern forests.

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