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UPPCS Chemistry Gap Sheet: Alloys and Their Compositions.
UPPCS has asked 11 of these. 7 have not been asked yet. Lock the first list, then read the second: it holds what UPPCS has not used yet.
First, the concept
An alloy combines a metal with other elements to change hardness, corrosion resistance or melting behaviour. Its composition may vary by grade, so remember principal constituents rather than one universal percentage.
Trade names can mislead. German silver contains no silver. Stainless steel resists corrosion because chromium forms a protective surface film. An amalgam is defined by the presence of mercury.
✅ Already asked (11)
Copper-based alloys
- Brass · Copper and zinc; used in fittings and instruments.
- Bronze · Traditional bronze is copper and tin.
- German silver · Copper, zinc and nickel; contains no silver.
- Gunmetal · Copper with tin and zinc; used in cast fittings.
Iron and light-metal alloys
- Steel · Iron with controlled carbon content.
- Stainless steel · Iron, carbon and chromium; many grades also contain nickel.
- Cast iron · Generally more carbon than steel; comparatively brittle.
- Wrought iron · Very low carbon content; traditionally contains slag fibres.
Special-purpose alloys
- Traditional solder · Tin and lead; low-melting joining alloy.
- Nichrome · Nickel and chromium; used in electrical heating elements.
- Amalgam · An alloy containing mercury and another metal.
❌ Not asked yet (7)
🔒 7 items not asked yet
Copper-based alloys: 3 · Iron and light-metal alloys: 2 · Special-purpose alloys: 2
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⚠️ Brass is copper–zinc; bronze is usually copper–tin. Modern solders may be lead-free.
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