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UPSC Prelims 2002 · Environment · Nature’s Machinery
Open stunted forests with bushes and having long roots and sharp thorns or spines are commonly found in
- (a) Eastern Orissa
- (b) North-Eastern Tamil Nadu
- (c) Siwaliks and Terai regions
- (d) Western Andhra Pradesh
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: (d) Western Andhra Pradesh
Western Andhra (Rayalaseema) is in a rain shadow with under 75 cm rain — open thorn scrub.
The idea
The description is of thorn forest, which grows where rain is below about 70 cm. Western Andhra Pradesh (Rayalaseema) lies in the rain shadow of the Western Ghats: the monsoon winds drop their rain on the western slopes and arrive here dry.
South-west monsoon hits the Western Ghats → Heavy rain on the western slopes → Air descends on the eastern side, dry → Interior Deccan gets little rain → Thorn scrub
Why the others are wrong
(a) Eastern Odisha gets heavy monsoon rain — moist deciduous forest.
(b) NE Tamil Nadu has tropical dry evergreen forest (rain from the NE monsoon).
(c) Siwaliks and Terai are wet, with sal and tall grasses.
The trap
Tamil Nadu is dry in summer, so it tempts. Its coast gets NE monsoon rain.
Also know
Thorn forest plants: babul, khejri, ber, euphorbia. Long roots reach deep water; thorns and tiny leaves save water. The north-east coast of Tamil Nadu is different: it gets winter rain from the north-east monsoon and has a rare forest type, tropical dry evergreen.
🔒 Thorn forests: Rajasthan, Gujarat, Rayalaseema, rain-shadow Deccan (<70 cm).
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