Match List-I (Towns) with List-II (Specialisation): A. Alibag · B. Balapur · C. Nhava Sheva · D. Ratnagiri — 1. Fishing centre · 2. Holiday resort · 3. Petrochemical complex · 4. Port

Answer: (d) A-2; B-1; C-4; D-3

Alibag – resort · Balapur – fishing · Nhava Sheva (JNPT) – port · Ratnagiri – petrochemicals (as per the key).

The idea

A coastal town’s specialisation depends on its site and transport links. Sheltered harbours support ports, nearby urban demand supports resorts, and industrial complexes need connected land and infrastructure. A matching question still needs the exact place name: a similar-sounding town is not interchangeable.

Why the others are wrong

(a) Makes Nhava Sheva a holiday resort.

(b) Makes Balapur petrochemical and Ratnagiri fishing — the key disagrees.

(c) Makes Alibag petrochemical.

The trap

Nhava Sheva = JNPT port is the sure pair.

Elimination technique

Nhava Sheva is a port, so C must match 4. This removes (a) and (c). That anchor narrows the list, but does not settle the remaining town matches.

Also know

The Konkan is the coastal belt between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats. Mumbai has a natural harbour; Jawaharlal Nehru Port lies across the harbour in Navi Mumbai. Kandla lies on the Gulf of Kachchh, while Kochi has a sheltered lagoon-and-estuary setting.