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UPPCS Polity Gap Sheet: Important Constitutional Amendments.
UPPCS has asked 23 of these. 5 have not been asked yet. Lock the first list, then read the second: it holds what UPPCS has not used yet.
First, the concept
Amendments come in waves that mirror politics: 1950s land reform (1st, 4th), the Emergency era (39th, 42nd) and its undoing (44th), the 1990s decentralisation (73rd, 74th), and recent ones on tax and reservation (101st GST, 103rd EWS, 106th women).
The 42nd (1976) is the 'mini-Constitution'; the 44th (1978) reversed much of it. That pair is UPPCS's favourite contrast.
✅ Already asked (23)
1951–1975
- 1st (1951) · Ninth Schedule; reasonable restrictions on speech widened
- 7th (1956) · States reorganised on language; Part A/B/C/D States ended
- 21st (1967) · Sindhi added to the Eighth Schedule
- 24th (1971) · Parliament can amend Fundamental Rights; President must assent (answer to Golaknath)
- 26th (1971) · Privy purses of former princes abolished
- 31st (1973) · Lok Sabha raised to 545
- 35th and 36th (1974, 1975) · Sikkim an associate State, then a full State
Emergency and after (1975–1990)
- 42nd (1976) 'mini-Constitution' · Socialist, secular, integrity in the Preamble; Fundamental Duties; five subjects to the Concurrent List
- 44th (1978) · Right to property removed from Fundamental Rights; 'armed rebellion' replaced 'internal disturbance'; Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended
- 52nd (1985) · Anti-defection law, Tenth Schedule
- 61st (1989) · Voting age lowered from 21 to 18
- 69th (1991) · Delhi gets a Legislative Assembly (239AA)
1992–2010
- 71st (1992) · Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali in the Eighth Schedule
- 73rd and 74th (1992) · Panchayats and Municipalities made constitutional
- 86th (2002) · Right to Education, Article 21A; a new duty in 51A(k)
- 91st (2003) · Ministers capped at 15% of the House
- 92nd (2003) · Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santhali added
- 97th (2011) · Co-operative societies: Part IXB, Article 43B
Since 2014
- 99th (2014) · National Judicial Appointments Commission; struck down in 2015
- 101st (2016) · Goods and Services Tax; GST Council (279A)
- 102nd (2018) · National Commission for Backward Classes made constitutional (338B)
- 103rd (2019) · 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections
- 104th (2020) · SC/ST seat reservation extended to 2030; Anglo-Indian nomination ended
❌ Not asked yet (5)
Items marked 'asked in other exams' have come in UPSC or other state exams, not yet in UPPCS.
🔒 5 items not asked yet
1951–1975: 1 · Emergency and after (1975–1990): 1 · Since 2014: 3
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⚠️ 'Socialist', 'secular' and 'integrity' came with the 42nd; the Right to Property went with the 44th. Voting age 18 is the 61st, not the 62nd. Anti-defection is the 52nd (Tenth Schedule); it was tightened by the 91st.
'Asked' and 'not asked' are checked against every UPPCS question on this site. 'Not asked yet' does not mean it will surely come.