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UPSC Prelims 2000 · Indian Geography · Rivers, Lakes and Dams
Which one of the following statements is not true?
- (a) Ghaggar’s water is utilized in the Indira Gandhi Canal
- (b) Narmada raised from Amarkantak region
- (c) Nizam Sagar is situated on the Manjra River
- (d) Penganga is a tributary of the Godavari
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: (a) Ghaggar’s water is utilized in the Indira Gandhi Canal
Not true: the Indira Gandhi Canal takes water from the Harike barrage (Sutlej + Beas), not the Ghaggar.
The idea
A canal may transfer river water across a natural drainage divide. Its headworks identify the actual supply river, while the destination identifies the irrigated area. A river flowing through that destination region need not feed the canal.
Beas meets Sutlej at Harike → Barrage regulates the combined water → Water enters the canal system → Canal carries it towards Rajasthan → Branches distribute irrigation water → Supply reaches fields in the dry Thar region
Why the others are wrong
(b) True — the Narmada rises at Amarkantak.
(c) True — Nizam Sagar is on the Manjira.
(d) True — the Penganga reaches the Godavari via the Wardha and Pranahita.
The trap
The Ghaggar does flow into Rajasthan — but it dies in the desert.
Elimination technique
Fix the canal intake at Harike on the Beas–Sutlej system. That contradicts the Ghaggar claim in (a); the question asks for the untrue statement.
Also know
Pong stores Beas water and Bhakra stores Sutlej water. Nizam Sagar is on the Manjira in the Godavari basin. Penganga joins Wardha, which meets Wainganga to form Pranahita. Ghaggar is associated with inland north-western drainage rather than the Harike canal intake.
🔒 Indira Gandhi Canal: longest canal in India, Harike (Punjab) → Thar.
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